Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between RELATIONAL beliefs and attributions and marital happiness. Method: The research design was corRELATIONAL, and the statistical population consisted of married couples residing in the City of Tehran whose were married for less than five years. Based on the Krejsee-Morgan’ s 1970 Table, and convenient sampling, an estimated sample of 384 individuals were selected from a variety of sources including universities, cultural centers and parks in Tehran. The Marital Happiness Scale Azrin, Naster & Jones (1973), the RELATIONAL Beliefs Inventory Idelson & Epstein (1982), and the RELATIONAL Attribution Measure Fincham & Bradbury (1992) were used to gather data. The gathered data from 315 participants was analyzed using stepwise regression. Data from 69 individuals was omitted due to incomplete questionnaires. Results: Results showed a negative relationship between RELATIONAL beliefs and attributions, and marital happiness. Among the RELATIONAL beliefs subscales, "disagreement is destructive" claimed a greater portion in predicting marital happiness (β = 0. 42, P= 0. 01), and amid the RELATIONAL attribution subscales, the "locus of causality" was the strongest predictor of marital happiness (β = 0. 41, P= 0. 01). Conclusion: Findings showed that the more logical the couples’ relationship beliefs and the more optimistic their attributions, the more the experience of marital happiness. On the other hand, since happiness plays an important role in the stability of marital life, modification and training of RELATIONAL beliefs and attributes of couples by therapists and counselors is recommended in order to increase their marital happiness.

Consumers often avoid online shopping and e-commerce websites due to the lack of TRANSPARENCY of information on the websites. In this research, it seeks to investigate the effects of electronic commerce TRANSPARENCY and mechanization on the accounting systems of Tehran Stock Exchange member companies that do business online. The research method is based on the mixed method. Data (accountants & financial experts) have been collected by implementing the foundational data theory method and conducting 18 in-depth interviews using the protocol and based on the multiple purposeful sampling method (intensity and snowball). Also, categories and themes were determined by using open coding, axial coding and selective coding using ATLAS.ti software. In a quantitative study, 298 people were randomly selected using a standard questionnaire. Data analysis was done using Lisrel software. The obtained results show that 1) TRANSPARENCY of products, TRANSPARENCY of buyers and TRANSPARENCY of transfers have a significant effect on the TRANSPARENCY of financial information; 2) the perception of information TRANSPARENCY has a significant effect on the intention to buy online and increase consumers; 3) Perceptual risk also has a significant effect on repurchase and perception of TRANSPARENCY on information TRANSPARENCY.

In this paper, two sets of sufficient conditions are obtained to ensure the existence and stability of a unique equilibrium point of unforced first order fuzzy RELATIONAL dynamical systems by using two different approaches which are both based on the fuzzy RELATIONAL matrix of the model. In the first approach, the equilibrium point of the system is one of the centers of the related membership functions. In the second approach, the equilibrium point of the system is the origin (the center of the middle membership function) and the behavior of the system, though can be nonlinear, is symmetric around the origin. The results are approved by numerical examples.

Many experts believe that TRANSPARENCY, greater access to information, and better flow of information help increase the accountability of governments and state officials and eventually help stem corruption and improve governance, which leads to an establishment's sustainability. In recent years, things such as unjustifiably high salaries and benefits, unjustifiable provision of properties and extra benefits at municipalities, the manner in which government-subsidized foreign currency is provided to importers of goods, etc are an indication of not-so-transparent processes, which are the result of lack of transparent information and flawed performance of supervisory organizations. This article discusses the important role of free access to information in improving the efficiency of governance and demonstrates that access to information in Iran is not as it should be and that supervisory organizations face a conflict and multiplicity of responsibilities. It also puts forward some proposals that could help improve information dissemination and supervisory structures in the country.